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Oral Cavity Surgery

Oral Cavity Surgery

Oral Cavity Surgery refers to surgical procedures performed to treat conditions affecting the mouth, tongue, gums, cheeks, palate, and floor of the mouth. These surgeries may address benign or malignant lesions, infections, cysts, chronic ulcers, or structural deformities. The goal of oral cavity surgery is to restore normal function — including speech, swallowing, and chewing — while improving overall oral health and appearance.

Symptoms

Common signs that may indicate the need for oral cavity surgery include:

  • Non-healing ulcers or sores in the mouth
  • Pain or difficulty while swallowing or chewing
  • Lumps, growths, or white/red patches in the mouth
  • Bleeding or swelling in gums or oral tissues
  • Restricted movement of the tongue or jaw
  • Change in voice or speech difficulty
  • Persistent bad breath despite good hygiene

Causes

Conditions that may require oral cavity surgery can arise from multiple causes, such as:

  • Chronic infections or abscesses in oral tissues
  • Benign or malignant tumors of the oral cavity
  • Oral cancer or pre-cancerous lesions
  • Injuries or trauma to the mouth or jaw
  • Congenital deformities or cysts
  • Advanced gum diseases or dental infections
  • Leukoplakia or oral lichen planus (chronic inflammatory conditions)

Treatment / Procedure

The specific surgical approach depends on the underlying condition. Oral cavity surgeries may include:

  • Excision of lesions or cysts – Removal of abnormal tissue, cysts, or benign growths
  • Biopsy – Sampling of suspicious lesions for diagnosis
  • Tumor removal and reconstruction – For malignant growths, including flap or graft repair if required
  • Frenectomy – Correction of tongue-tie or lip-tie for better movement and speech
  • Abscess drainage – For pus-filled infections causing pain or swelling
  • Reconstructive surgery – To restore function and appearance after trauma or tumor removal

These procedures are usually performed under local or general anesthesia, depending on the case. Modern surgical techniques, including laser or endoscopic approaches, ensure precision and faster recovery.


Benefits

  • Relief from pain, swelling, and infection
  • Improved ability to chew, swallow, and speak
  • Restoration of normal oral function and aesthetics
  • Early detection and treatment of oral cancer
  • Better oral hygiene and long-term dental health
  • Enhanced confidence and quality of life

Prevention / Post-Surgery Care

Maintaining good oral hygiene and following preventive care can help avoid complications and ensure long-term oral health:

  • Brush and floss regularly to maintain oral hygiene
  • Avoid tobacco, alcohol, and betel nut consumption
  • Eat a balanced diet rich in vitamins and antioxidants
  • Get regular dental and oral check-ups
  • Follow post-surgical instructions, including soft diet and medication use
  • Report any new pain, swelling, or bleeding to your doctor immediately