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Allergic Rhinitis Treatment

Allergic Rhinitis Treatment

Allergic Rhinitis, commonly known as hay fever, is an allergic reaction that occurs when the immune system overreacts to airborne substances like dust, pollen, or pet dander. It causes inflammation of the nasal passages leading to sneezing, congestion, itching, and a runny nose. Proper diagnosis and treatment help control symptoms, prevent sinus infections, and improve breathing and quality of life.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of allergic rhinitis include:

  • Frequent sneezing, especially in the morning
  • Runny or stuffy nose
  • Itchy nose, throat, or eyes
  • Watery or red eyes
  • Postnasal drip (mucus running down the throat)
  • Fatigue, headaches, or difficulty concentrating
  • Snoring or disturbed sleep due to nasal blockage

Causes

Allergic rhinitis occurs when the immune system reacts to airborne allergens. Common triggers include:

  • Pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds (seasonal allergy)
  • House dust mites
  • Pet dander (from cats, dogs, etc.)
  • Mold spores in damp environments
  • Air pollution or cigarette smoke
  • Strong odors, perfumes, or chemical fumes

Treatment

Treatment for allergic rhinitis focuses on controlling symptoms, reducing allergic reactions, and improving breathing comfort. The following options may be recommended based on severity:

  • Allergen avoidance: Identifying and minimizing exposure to triggers
  • Medications: Antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids, decongestants, or leukotriene inhibitors
  • Nasal irrigation: Saline rinses to clear allergens and mucus from nasal passages
  • Immunotherapy: Allergy shots or sublingual tablets for long-term desensitization
  • Endoscopic procedures: In severe cases, minor nasal surgeries like turbinate reduction or coblation may be advised to improve airflow

With the right treatment plan, most patients experience significant relief and improved nasal function.


Benefits

  • Reduced sneezing, congestion, and nasal discharge
  • Improved breathing and sleep quality
  • Prevention of sinus infections and ear problems
  • Better focus, energy, and daily comfort
  • Long-term relief from allergy symptoms
  • Enhanced overall respiratory health

Prevention

While allergies cannot be completely cured, preventive steps can help minimize flare-ups and maintain nasal health:

  • Keep windows closed during high pollen seasons
  • Use air purifiers and regularly clean air filters
  • Wash bedding and curtains frequently in hot water
  • Avoid exposure to cigarette smoke and strong perfumes
  • Maintain indoor humidity between 30–50%
  • Consult your ENT specialist for allergy testing and management plan